Gimpy

Sydney and Logan toc

=External Anatomy=









1. Ventral- Front of pig, chest and abdomen. 2. Anterior- Before, the nose of pig. 3. Posterior- After, the tail of pig. 4. Pectoral- Muscles in chest area. 5. Pelvic- Pelvic bones, hips. 6. Head- Contains brains and eyes. 7. Trunk- Butt of pig. 8. Thorax- Ribs, sternum area. 9. Abdomen- Lower body on underside of pigs stomach. 10. Medial- Middle 11. Caudal- Butt, back end. 12. Cranial- Head 13. Umbilical Cord- Carried nutrients from mother to fetus. 14. Mammary Papillae- The nipples of the pig. 15. Proximal- Toward beginning. 16. Distal- End, the end of something. 17. Lateral- Side view. 18. Left-When viewed from pigs ventral view, your right is the pigs left. 19. Right- When viewed from pigs ventral view, your left side is the pigs right side.

=The Head=

1. Pinnae- Flappy part of pigs ear. 2. Eye- In the head, where the pig sees. 3. Nictitating Membrane- Translucent third eye lid. 4. Eyelids- Protecting shield of eye. 5. Urogenital Opening- Waste products and reproductive fluids leave body. 6. Urogenital Papillae- Allows female pigs to urinate. 7. Anus- Expels feces. 8. Urogenital Opening- Whole that determines it’s gender. 9. Scrotal Sacs- For sperm. 10. Artery- Carries blood away from the heart. 11. Vein- Carries blood back to heart. 12. Ankle- part of leg. 13. Knee- Part of leg. 14. Wrist- Bottom part of leg. 15. Elbow- Part of leg 16. Toe- At Bottom part of leg





1. Epiglottis- Flap that covers the glottis. 2. Glottis- Combination of the vocal folds and the space between the folds. 3. Gullet- Another name for esophagus. 4. Nasopharnyx- Area of throat that lays behind the nose. 5. Soft palate- Soft tissue on the roof of the back of the mouth. 6. Hard palate- Roof of mouth 7. Nare- Nostril 8. Tongue-Muscle on floor of the mouth used for chewing and swallowing. 9. Taste Buds-small structures on upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis. 10. Vestibule- part of mouth cavity outside of teeth and gums. 11. Uvula- Conic projection from the posterior edge of the middle of the soft palate.





=Muscles=



1. Joint- Location at which two bones make contact. 2. Extensor- Straightening the knee or elbow and bending the wrist or spine are examples of this. 3. Flexor- Skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint. Bicep is an example. 4. Origin- beginning, the start 5. Insertion- Point where our probe enters the pig, the point where we began to isolate 6. Belly- Underside of the pig, stomach side of pig 7. Tendon- tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension 8. Fascia- an uninterrupted web of tissue that extends from head to toe, front to back, interior to exterior 9. Antagonistic Pairs- When one muscle moves, the antagonistic muscle in a pair moves the opposite direction 10. Adductor- a large triangular muscle situated on the medial side of the thigh 11. Abductor- Any muscle used to pull a body part away form the mid line of the body.



=Digestive System=





The liver has four main lobes. The right lateral, right medial, left lateral, and left medial. The gall bladder is the storage sac for bile secreted by the liver. The three parts of the small intestine are the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine, which is followed by the jejunum. The end of the small intestine is the ileum. The pigs colon is much smaller and doesn't go around the small intestine like a that of a human. The pig colon is a spiral.

=Respiratory System=



The right lung has four lobes. The left lung has three lobes. The apical, cardiac, diaphragmatic, and the accessory lobe. We saw two visible vocal cords.

=Circulatory=



The ventricle that has the greatest muscle mass is the left ventricle, which has three times more muscle mass than the right. The chamber that the pulmonary artery is connected to is the right ventricle. The aorta is connected to the left ventricle. The largest artery in the body is the Aorta, which also is under the greatest pressure. An artery carries blood away from the heart, veins take blood back to the heart.

=Urogenital System=



1. Kidney- Paired organs, produce urine. 2. Urinary Bladder-Collects urine 3. Ureter- Muscular tubes that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. 4. Urethra- Tube that connects urinary bladder to outside of the bladder. 5. Ovary- Is an ovum-producing reproductive organ. 6. Oviduct-Passage from ovaries to the outside of the body.

7. Uterus- Major female hormone-responsive reproductive sex organ of most mammals, including humans. 8. Uterine Horn- Points where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet. 9. Cervix- Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. 10. Birth Canal- Passage way through the fetus is expelled during parturition 11. Testis- Male generative gland in animals.

12. Vas Deferens- Part of the male anatomy of many vertebrates. 13. Epididymis- Part of the male reproductive system and is present in all male amniotes. 14. Seminal Vesicles- Pair of simple tubular glands posteroinferior to the urinary bladder of mammals. 15. Prostrate 16. Scrotum- is a protuberance of muscle and skin containing the testicles. 17. Cortex- Outermost or superficial layer of an organ 18. Medulla-Means to be in the middle of something.

The reproductive and excretory systems are studied together because the organs that make them up are similar. Also, they are both in the lower half of the pigs' body. The purpose of the excretory system is to rid of bodily waste that could potentially be harmful to the body if stored. The main purpose of the reproductive system is for the survival of species. If animals did not reproduce, that species would die off after that one animal had died. Liquids enter through the mouth, travel down the esophagus, into the stomach, into the kidneys, through the ureter, into the bladder, and out the urethra. In the female reproductive system, eggs leave the ovaries, travel through the fallopian tubes, and then sits in the uterus until it is fertilized by a sperm. The testis produce the sperm while the male is aroused, the sperm then travels to the epidermis. Then, the sperm travels through the Vas Deferens tube to the seminal vesicle where it is mixed with semen. The sperm then waits to travel out the ureathra. In numbers 1 and 4, the systems they belong to is the excretory system. In numbers 2 and 3, the systems they belong to is the reproductive system. The adrenal gland sits on top of the kidneys. They release hormones related with stress and adrenaline. It belongs to the endocrine system.