Henry

= = = = = = toc

= = =External Anatomy= =Task 1= Lateral view

Ventral view

Glossary Task 1

Dorsal- situated at the back of an organism Ventral- abdominal plane of the back Anterior –situated at the front or the fore Posterior – the behind Pictorial-chest or the breast Pelvic- the hip Head- the upper part of the body Trunk-the body of an animal or human Thorax-the neck of an animal Abdomen- part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis Medial-the middle of the body Caudal-neat the rear or posterior Cranial-cranium or the skull Umbilical cord-the cord or funicle connecting the embryo or fetus Mammary papillae-the part of the female that produces milk Proximal-limb or the bone Distal- place where the bone attaches Lateral-side of the organism Left- the side where the heart is located Right- side opposite of the left

= = =Task 2=

The eye and head

The female pig

The male pig

The umbilical cord

the body

Task 2 Glossary

Pinnae- outer part of the ear Eye- the eyeball Nictitating membrane- film on the lower part of the eye Eyelids- the lids that cover the eyes Urogenital opening- opening where waste products and reproductive fluids are expelled Urogenital papillae- the nipple Anus- the end of the digestion track that expels waste Scrotal sacs- a sac that holds the testies Artery- carry the blood away from the heart Vein- carry blood to the heart Ankle- joint formed where the foot and leg meet Knee- joint that joins the thigh and the leg Wrist- 8 bones forming the proximal skeletal segment of the hand Elbow- is the region surrounding the elbow-joint in the middle of the arm Toe- are the digits of the foot of an animal

=E.A Questions 7-11=

7. The veins are blue and transport non-oxygenated blood back to the mother. Then the arteries are red and carry oxygenated blood back to the baby.

8. Yes, both sexes have mammary papillae. The female's use them for their babies, so they can retrieve milk. The males really have no use for them.

9. There are fourteen mammary papillae on the fetal pig.

10. Human's and pig's have similar forelimbs and hind limbs do to the similar joints. There is some difference the pigs 4limbs are meant for walking. Human's use 2 limbs for walking and the other 2 for simple tasks like holding and moving objects.

=Mouth Anatomy= =Task 3=



Task 3 Glossary

Epiglottis-the flap that covers the trachea (prevents food and water from entering the trachea) Glottis- the middle part of the larynx (the vocal part of the mouth) Gullet-the esophagus (helps you breathe)

Nasopharnyx-the upper part of the throat behind the nose Soft palate-the muscular part of the roof of the mouth (closes the nasal cavity) Hard palate- thin horizontal bony palate located on the roof of the mouth ( the anterior part of the palate) Nare- the nostril (helps you breath) Tongue- muscle in the mouth that helps with speech and eating food Taste buds- allows you to taste what your eating Vestibule- space between cheeks, lips, and teeth Uvula- soft tissue hanging from the soft palate, and can trigger gag-reflexes

The tongue is a muscle in the mouth that has little taste receptors that are called taste buds. These taste buds are able to tell the brain if it likes what it has in its mouth.

3. The epiglottis is a flap of skin located on top of the glottis, and it covers the glottis when the pig swallows food. The glottis is the opening that leads to the lungs. The gullet is the opening to the esophagus, which leads to the stomach.

4. The upper jaw of the pig contains the teeth. The teeth start erupting when they are in the womb.

=Task 4=

the mouth

=Skinning=
 * Parotid Gland || largest sulibary gland recognized by the triangular shape || helps the process of swallowing ||
 * Submaxillary Gland || beneath the floor of the mouth || produces the most amount of the saliva in the mouth ||
 * Wharton's Duct || located n the floor of the mouth || opens the floor of the mouth to let food in ||

=Task 5=



=Skinning Questions= 2. The skin on the pig is about 2mm thick.

3.The cutaneous maximus attaches the skin to the body.

4. The pigs skin function is to protect the muscles and prevent fluid loss.

=Muscles= =Task 6=

=Muscle Chart #1=
 * cardiac || cross striated || causes the heart to beat || heart ||
 * smooth || unstriated || helps the movement in the intestine || inside of the stomach wall ||
 * striated || longitudinal striations || moves the appendages || biceps and triceps ||

Glossary

Joint- the place where two bones meet

Extensor-is any muscle that opens a joint increasing between the limb

Flexor-is a position that is made possible by the joint angle decreasing

Origin-starting point point where the muscle attaches with the bone and another muscle

Insertion-another point where a muscle attaches

Belly-fleshy central part of the muscle

Tendon-a tough restricting band that

Fascia-the piece of tissue that runs from the head to the toe

Antagonistic pairs-muscle that work as one (ex. Biceps and triceps)

Adductor-muscles that bring the appendages closer to the body

Abductor-muscles that push push the appendages away from the body







=Adductor=



=Abductor=



=Muscle chart #2=
 * Muscle || Origin || Insertion || Function ||
 * External Oblique || abodominal surfaces || posterior ribs || Covers the abdomin ||
 * Deltoid || shoulder ||  || Moves the shoulder ||
 * Tensor Fasciae Latae || hip || over the tibia || Flex the hip and extend the knee ||
 * Gluteus Maximus || buttocks || fascia lata || Abductor to the thigh ||
 * Biceps Femoris || Posterior to the Tensor || tibia || Retracts the knee and flexes the shank ||
 * Gastrocnemius || calf || heel bone || Extensor of the ankle ||
 * Rectus Femoris || ilium ||  || Hip flexion and knee extension ||
 * Gluteus Meius || Lumbodorsal and gluteal fascia || femur || Extend the hip and abduct the hind limb ||
 * semitendinosus || ilium || Proximal end of the tibia || Innervates the hip and leg muscles ||
 * brachialis || Radius || ulna || Flexes the lower forearm ||
 * spinodeltoid || sholder || elbow || Raises the elbow ||
 * Biceps brachii || sholder || radius and ulna || Flexes the lower leg ||

=Digestive=




 * liver || stores glycogen || helmet ||
 * esophagus || swallows food and water || a tube ||
 * colon || extracts waste from the body || upside down u ||
 * cecum || connection to the large intestine || a tube ||
 * anus || expels feces || a hole ||
 * rectum || last part of the large intestine || a vein ||
 * spleen || cleans the blood || a beam ||
 * pancreas || produces insulin || dried grease ||
 * duodenum || absorbs iron || a tangled up shoe string ||
 * gall bladder || stores and produces bile || a little sack ||


 * mucosa || a wet tissue || separates the lumian propria from the submosca ||
 * villi || tiny finger like hairs || helps the absorption in the intestine ||
 * lumen || tube like || the inside wall of tubes ||
 * rugae || an accoredian || a wall that surrounds an organ ||
 * meconium || thick tar like orderless paste || the earliest part of the fecius of the infant ||

5. The liver has of a fetal pig has total of 4 lobes. These lobes are called right lateral, right central, left central, and a left lateral.

6. The relationship between the liver and the gall bladder is that the gall bladder produces the bile that is used in the liver.

7. The three small intestine parts are in the sequence of duodenum, jejunum, ileum. The duodenum is the main site where iron is absorbed. The jejunum is the part that connects the duodenum to the ileum. The main propose of the ileum is to absorb vitamin B and bile salts.

8.The difference between our colon and the pigs colon is ours looks like an upside down u and the pigs looks like a rubberband.

=Respiratory=





4. The right lung has 4 lobes and they’re the apical, cardiac, diaphramic, and the fourth is the intermediate. The left lung has 3 lobes and doesn’t have the intermediate lobe.
 * lobes of the lungs || like a sponge || transports oxygen to the blood ||
 * bronchial tubes || large tubes || carrys oxygen to the aveloi ||
 * vocal cords || flodded cartilige || makes sound ||
 * trachea || tube in the back of the throat || protects the airways ||
 * alveloi || sacks in the lungs || stores air till they are transported to the bloodsport ||

5. They're are 2 vocal cords.

=Circulatory System=







6.The left ventricle has the greatest muscle mass.

7.The pulmonary artery is connected to the lungs and the right ventricle.

8.The aorta is connected to the left ventricle and the carotid arteries.

9.The carotid artery is largest artery in the body it is found in the neck.

10.The difference between a artery and a vein is that an artery sends blood away from the body a vein brings it back to the heart.


 * **Vessel** || **Target Area** ||
 * carotid || head and neck ||
 * thoratic || chest and breasts ||
 * renal || kidneys ||
 * femoral || thigh ||
 * pulmonary || lungs ||
 * coronary || heart ||
 * jugular || head ||
 * umbilical || umbilical cord ||

=Urogenital System=







==

Kidneys- produce urine Urinary Bladder- urine from the kidneys is held here Ureter- transports urine from kidney to bladder Urethra- transports urine from the bladder out of the body Ovaries- make hormones and hold eggs Oviduct- sends the eggs from the ovaries out of the body Uterus- holds the fetus Uterine Horn- where the fetus develops Cervix- connects the uterus to the vagina Birth Canal- transports the fetus out of the body Testis- produce sperm and hormones Vas Deferens- transports sperm from the epididymis Epididymis- holds sperm Seminal Vesicles- makes fluid that will turn into semen Prostrate- secretes semen Scrotum- Cortex- outer layer that holds the kidneys Medulla- controls salt and water for the body

=Urogenital Questions=

6. The reproductive and excretory systems are studied together because they are so close and share organs.

7. the main purpose of the excretory system is to despose of waste.

8. the main purpose of the reproductive system is to make more of the species.

9. liquid waste goes from the stomach to the kindies, to the uterers and out of the body through the urethra.

10. the eggs are kept in the ovaries, then through the fallopian tubes, then the uterus to the cervix and out the vagina.

11. Sperm is made in the testes, held in the epididymis, sent through the vas deferens, travels through the urethra, and exits the penis.

12. The terms in numbers 1 and 4 belong to the excretory system

13. The terms in numbers 2 and 3 belong to the reproductive system

14. The adrenal gland is a gland on top of the kidneys that produces hormones including cortisol and adrenaline. It belongs to the reproductive and endocrine systems