Striped+Zebras

toc =Group Members= Camryn B Abbi W Sam A Elana C

=Characteristics of Woody Stems= 1. Count the sections between the terminal bud-scale scars and determine the age of your tree. -3 years old. 2. Has growth in length occurred the same rate each year? -No. 3. Why? -Because there could have been less or more rainfall which would affect the trees growth. 4. Examine your twigs closely with a hand lens and determine how many leaf scars are located at a node. -2 5. Classify the leaf arrangement as opposite, alternate, or whorled. -Opposite. 6. Examine your twig and determine the number of nodes produced for each growing season (the space between two nodes is called an internode.) -One more than the previous season 7. Is the same number of nodes produced each growing season? -No. 8. Do all the leaf scars have the same number of bundle scars and is the arrangement the same? -Yes, 7 bundle scars. 9. Describe the form and location of the lenticels. -The lenticels are scattered along the internodes. 10. What is the function of the lenticels? -Lenticels are tiny pores on the plant. They serve as a site for gas exchange. 11. Where are the largest scales? -They are toward the middle of the plant. 12. Why are the largest scales located there? -They've been growing longer. 13. How are the scales arranged around the bud? -They circle the bud and overlap each other. 14. Is there any relationship between the arrangement of the bud scales and the arrangement of the leaf scars? -No.



=Data Analysis=

Candy Sales in 2004 1.Introductory description of the problem (the reason that the data may have been collected in the first place). - The problem in interest was for candy makers and sellers to see which types of candy were more popular and profitable to make. Also, to see what types of candies should be discontinued due to lack of sales.

2.A link to the data itself. Include a picture of the data. -http://www.swivel.com/data_sets/show/1000066 3. 2 or more possible conclusions that you can draw from analyzing the data. Be sure the numbers or data lead to this conclusion -One conclusion we can draw from this data is that nonseasonal chocolate candy sold the most amount, and that the marshmallows sold the least amount. 4. What led you to believe these were possible conclusions? Discuss a part of the data that led you to this or supports this. -We were led to believe that these were possible conclusions because of the numbers on the graph. Nonseasonal Chocolate candy had the highest monetary gain, and marshmallows had the least monetary gain. 5. What further questions do you now have? There may be a "hole" in the data or another factor you think should be considered that would logically provide an answer to explain the data. There may also be a question that you have that would be good to study as well from here. -A possible hole in the data could have been the company that took this survey could specialize in nonseasonal chocolate candy, and only manufacture a small percentage of marshmallows. A possible question to be asked here would be the manufacturer of these products and where they are located in the world.

=Chromatography of Skittles= By Sam A and Abbi W



Green: .2 cm Orange: 1.4 cm Purple: .4 cm Red: .9 m Yellow: 2.1 cm
 * Distance each color moved (in cm) :**

Green: .032 Orange: .225 Purple: .0645 Red: .0145 Yellow: .338
 * Rf values :**



By Elana C and Camryn B



Red - 4.2 cm. Green- 1.6cm. Yellow- 1.7cm. Purple- .7cm. Orange- 1cm.
 * Distance each color moved (cm.)**:

Red - .764 Green - .291 Yellow - .309 Purple - .127 Orange - .182 =Characteristics of Life=
 * R.F. Values:**

__**Picture 1:**__


 * 1) Why did the yeast in container A not settle?
 * 2) If container A contains water and yeast and is neutral, and container B contains water and molasses and is neutral, then why does container C which contains all of the above, why is it acidic?
 * 3) Why is the yeast in container C rising on top of the flask so rapidly?
 * 4) Why is condensation occuring in all the flask?
 * 5) Is flask C more acidic than the other classes?

__**Picture 2:**__

-In flask C there was molasses, yeast, and water. When the yeast came into contact with the sugar (which is its food source) in the molasses it began to grow and caused fermentation within the flask. When the fermentation occured it released carbon dioxide and ethanol gases up into the test tube turning the Bromothymol blue to yellow. It changed in color because it changed from a neutral to a acid.

=Candy Classification=

Candy Number One: Starburst //-Stellaria explodus// Candy Number Two: Salt Water Taffy -//Saltus Taffnia// Candy Number Three: Dum Dum //-Moronus moronus// Candy Number Four: Peppermint //-Mintus stripus// Candy Number Five: FireBall -//Spherus combustus// Candy Number Six: Hershey Kiss -//Chocolatus cyssan// Candy Number Seven: Gummy Bear -//Ursa gummius// Candy Number Eight: Jaw Breakers -//Spherus combustus// Candy Number Nine: Tootsie Roll -//Tutus rollus// Candy Number Ten: Butterscotch -//Ranunculus scotchus// Candy Number Eleven: Jolly Rancher - //Joyous rancheria//

= = =**Classification of PA Trees**= **Dichotomous Key** 1a. Coniferous….2 1b. Decdiuous….4 2a. Single…. Norway Spruce 2b. Multiple…3 3a. 2 needles…Scotts Pine 3b. 5 needles…White Pine 4a. Leaf type is simple…5 4b. Leaf type is compound…18 5a. Leaf arrangement is alternate…6 5b. Leaf arrangement is opposite…17 6a. Leaf margin lobed…7 6b. Leaf margin not lobed…10 7a. Pointed lobed…8 7b. Rounded lobed…9 8a. Deep sinus…Pin Oak 8b. Shallow sinus…Red Oak 9a. Tree produces acorns…White Oak 9b. Tree doesn’t produce acorns…Witch Hazel 10a. Leaf margin is entire…Live Oak 10b. Leaf margin isn't entire…11 11a. Leaf margin is dentate…Big Tooth Aspen 11b. Leaf margin isn't dentate...12 12a. Leaf margin is serrate...13 12b. Leaf margin is double serrate...16 13a. Tree is fruit bearing...14 13b. Non fruit bearing... 14a. Fruit is fleshy...15 14b. Fruit is not fleshy...Quaking Aspen 15a. Fruit is apples...Crab Apple 15b. Fruit is cherries...Black Cherry 16a. Lopsided base...Elm 16b. Even base...Paper Birch 17a. Leaf has a rounded sinus...Sugar Maple 17b. Leaf has a pointed sinus...Red Maple 18a. Leaf margin serrate...Stag Horn Sumac 18b. Leaf margin non serrate...19 19a. Leaf margin entire...Black Locust 19b. Leaf margin dentate...Honey Locust

=Monocots and Dicots=


 * 1) **Research**: Research to determine the differences between monocots and dicots. Construct a chart and show differences between seeds, leaves, roots, flowers, and stems of monocots and dicots.

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 * 1) **Experimental data**: Create a chart like the one in experimental data above. Complete the data chart, analyze the data collected and finish with a conclusion statement and reasoning for your conclusion. (Give reasoning for your conclusion). Include in your chart a column for pictures of seeds, leaves, roots, stems, and flowers of the rye, alfalfa and lima bean. You should get the leaf and root pictures from the plants that were grown in class. The stem pictures we will get in the next step. The flower pictures will be taken from the web.




 * 1) **Stem slides**: Examine a monocot and a dicot microscope slide showing a cross section of the stem. Take pictures of each slide using the motic camera (directions are found here. Insert the images into the wiki page (remember to name the pictures uniquely to prevent overwriting by others.) Label the pictures with the structures seen and discuss the differences that you observe. Ask yourself: What are you looking at? and What do each of the parts do for the plant?




 * 1) **Herbaceous plants**: Research and list 3-4 examples of herbaceous plants that are monocots and 3-4 herbaceous plants that are dicots.




 * 1) **Woody plants**: Research and list 3-4 examples of trees that are monocots and 3-4 examples of trees that are dicots.(Perhaps a chart would be a way of organizing this information)



Sam: 1. The Pin Oak tree is monocot because it has fiberous roots. Because the Pin Oak survives best in damp, moist environments, this tree needs fiberous roots in order to survive. The Cedar is neither because it is not a flowering tree, just like a chicken.
 * 1) **Classification**: Classify the 2 trees that you studied as either a monocot or a dicot. Give reasoning for your answer. You should not use these for your answer in #5.

Abbi: 1. A Big Tooth Aspen is a Dicot because the veins are netted. 2. A Flowering Dogwood is a dicot because of its flower having 2 seeds

Camryn: 1. The Paper Birch is a monocot because it is a flowering tree and it's flowers have one seed. 2. The Red Pine is not monocot or dicot because it is not a flowering tree.

Elana: 1. The White Oak tree is a dicot because, most trees are dicots. 2. The Sassafras tree is
 * 1) **Food and fiber**: Identify how those plants from #4-6 are part of our food and fiber system (how plant species directly or indirectly support our populations in the food or other materials we require).
 * 2) Some of the plants classified in the herbaceous monocot family are actually things we eat. The onions and chives are some of the plants we found. The herbacious plants and woody trees that were classified give us oxygen.

Eugliena Video media type="file" key="Euglena movieDC.mov" width="300" height="300" Eugliena Pics
 * PROTIST**

Daphnia Video

media type="file" key="daphnia.mov" width="300" height="300"

Volvox Pics

Hydra Pic

toc

=Light Intensity Activity=





//Answer the following question as a group: What are the best possible conditions for making the maximum of ATP? Higher light intensity and a shorter wavelength.// //Hypothesize what values you believe are the best conditions (what wavelength and light intensity creates the most ATP.)// 200 – light intensity 425 – wavelength. This was the best result. As you can see below it gave us 100% maximal ATP. From this we can conclude that higher light intensity and a longer wavelength produce the most ATP.



=Fermentation Lab=

After 10 Minutes Circumference = 12cm

After 20 Minutes Circumference = 12.3cm

Compared to 5% (green)

Compared to 10% (orange)


 * __Lab Results__**





=**__Cell Respiration Diagram__ __CRIME SCENE DNA LAB__**= __Data__: Make a sketch of your gel showing the bands of DNA fragments that appeared during the procedure you just completed. Make sure to label each lane with the appropriate DNA sample loaded into the well.

1. Why do a series of bands appear in the gel? What is true of the DNA fragment band(s) closest to the positive end of the gel (the end opposite the wells)? DNA moves through the gel and the longer that DNA the closer it would be to the positive end of the cell. 2. What caused the DNA to migrate through the gel? The electrical current that went through the gel and caused the DNA to migrate. 3. Would you expect your personal DNA fingerprint to be identical to any of the persons tested in this lab? Explain. No because although 99.9% of DNA is the same. The other .1% is unique. Although most legends are different, identical twins have the same length. But I’m not an identical twin so I don’t think it would happen. 4. Based on the results of your gel, what evidence do you have to present to the court concerning this murder case? Suspect two is the killer. 5. Could these DNA samples have been distinguished from on another if only enzyme #1 had been used? Why or why not? No because using enzyme one all the lines were the same.