Emily+J

= toc ❦About Me❦ = Hi! My name is Emily and I am in grade 10. >:3 I like to draw, along with reading and playing softball. I have a Dad and a Mom, along with a "baby" brother and two cats, two dogs. My favorite things are bows, the color blue, my sketch book and of course, The Fairy of Popcorn.

=My Blog=

=Genetic Disorder= 1. What causes this condition? (There are two ways to look at this one - In terms of DNA, what causes the irregularity, and also, what can trigger this genetic change?) It’s a mutation in the BCKHDA of one of the six proteins. 2. How is it diagnosed? With a prick in the foot to take blood. 3. Who gets this disorder? Discuss percentages, subgroups of people, etc. Is the disorder genetic in nature or is it caused by something environmental? Mennonites 4. What are the symptoms of this disorder? Infants urine smells sweet. 5.Summarize other information that is important. It can be deadly, can’t be treated and the infected need to eat a special diet for the rest of their lives. 6. What level is your disorder? Use this [|chart]. Level three

= Cell Portfolio =

= DNA Replication = =media type="file" key="EmilyJonesPd7.m4v" width="300" height="300"= This is the division of DNA. It divides to make more of itself. It makes two "new" DNA out of the old halves and a new main portion. The purple on the sides is the protein base. These bases hold it up and are zoomed in on in the animation.

= = = = = Yeast Lab Write Up = = = 1. State 2 clear, concise conclusions derived from the analysis of the results from the experiments in your class. __That the 5% amount of sugar was more effective then the 3% amount of sugar, seeming to prove that it was better to have the “middle” amount of sugar then the latter amount.__ __The other thing derived is that yeast will make more carbon if they are given a longer time to rise.__ 2. What was the dependent and independent variables in the experiment? Explain. __The dependent was the amount of sugar we used. The independent is the amount of dough that was made and the time the dough had to rise before it was baked, depending on how long it to the person to finish and get it on the window sill.__ 3. According to the experimental data, what kind of environment do yeast prefer? How did the sugar concentration change the result? Explain. __Yeast prefers a damp, dark, and in this case sugary environment. That’s why we put the damp paper towels over the top of the bread dough. The middle amount of sugar worked the best, not having too much for the yeast to absorb and shut down due to over stimulation.__ 4. How did the amount of rising change with the different types of sugar solutions used? __It raised more with the sugar solution at 5% and rose faster in that time. The three percent rose much slower, and so did the 10%.__ 5. What kind of respiration did the yeast carry out in the experiment? Explain. __It carried out anaerobic. It didn’t seem to mind when it had no oxygen when we cut off the supply with the damp paper towels and that helps show that it made Ethanol and CO2.__ = = = Photosynthesis WEEEEEEEBQUEEEEEEST! = 1. What is photosynthesis? It is the process where plants make food from the sunlight and other chemical reactions.

2. What types of organisms carry out photosynthesis? List 3 groups. Autotrophic Semiparasitic Plants Insectivorous Plants

3. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? What is the translation for the chemical equation? 12 Hydrogen, 6 Carbon, and 6 Oxygen

4. Look at your equation in number 3 and answer the following questions: a. What are the raw materials or reactants needed to carry out photosynthesis? Water along with sunlight b. What are the products of photosynthesis? Food for the plant and for humans, oxygen is produced c. What energy source is needed in the reaction? Water and sunlight. Sunlight is very important in the reaction

5. Consider a plant as the photosynthetic organism. a. In what part of the plant does photosynthesis occur? In the leaves, specifically in the cells. b. What specific cells are involved? Mesophyll cells c. What specific organelle is involved? The chloroplasts 6. How does the plant get the raw materials needed for photosynthesis to the plant part where photosynthesis occurs? Up through the roots, depending on what type of plant it is, into the “stem” Or “trunk”. It is then pushed into the leaves where it is needed, as for sunlight, that hits the leaves directly. 7. What is a stoma and of what value is the stoma to the plant in its efforts to carry out photosynthesis? It exchanges the needed carbon for it’s waste of oxygen to get the plant what it needs for photosynthesis. 8. Explore the organelle that is responsible for the process of photosynthesis. What are found inside the organelle and how do these parts aid in the process of photosynthesis? Inside of the chloroplasts there are thylakoid. They make the food in photosynthesis by chemical reactions and are smaller then the organelles in the cell. 9. What is the first part of photosynthesis called and where does it occur? photosynthetic membrane is where it first occurs and it occurs in the chloloplasts in the cell, in the leaf. 10. What exactly happens in the first part of photosynthesis? The sunlight is collected and stored for the second part of photosynthesis. This portion requires light. 11. What is the second part of photosynthesis called and where does it happen? It is called the dark portion and it takes place inside if the chloloplasts. 12. What happens in the second part of photosynthesis? The energy from the sun is turned into food for the plant and other animals, actually becoming useful. 13. Are the two parts of photosynthesis connected? If so, explain the connection. Yes, if one does not function, the other cannot. There will be too much sun energy for it to work properly. And if the light doesn’t happen, the dark can’t use the energy to make food, because the energy is not present. 14. Does the chemical equation that you listed in number 3 tell the entire story of the process of photosynthesis? Why or why not? No, it does not give all

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Photosynthesis = Our group had preformed an experiment that dealt with photosynthesis. Several things were learned, one of them it seems, is that the smaller the wavelength is, the more able the plant is to absorb it. It was already common knowledge, but if there is no light present at all, then the plant can't gain any nutrients from them, and can't preform photosynthesis. The table below shows what our findings are. At the time that the chart was made, Haley hadn't posted what her findings were for the percent, but the graph still works without them. The chart is out of 20 sec. for each and shows, as earlier stated, that light must be present and that it is much easier to get the smaller waves of light.

= = == = = = = = = = = = = = Biomolecule Webquest = = = A. [|http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/cgi-bin/splitwindow.cgi?top=http://www.glencoe.com/sec/science/top2.html&link=http://www.educationusingpowerpoint.org.uk/Animations/rates of reaction.html] It makes the reaction speed up. It makes more area for the particles to jump around on and it makes more groups. It makes more reactant. B. Go to the following site: [] Proteins Shape When high temperatures change the shape. The two molecules can’t bond quickly without an enzyme and bump into each other a lot. It holds them in and they have an easier time bonding because they are right next to each other. It takes certain types of molecules to react, and it only attracts certain kinds. Only certain molecules will fit in the shape. If the shape is even off by a little, it won’t fit. They make many reactions and do it over and over again. It destroys it completely. It will no longer function and can’t help put the two molecules together. No, because certain temperatures speed it up, only extreme ones to the certain enzyme are bad. C. Go to: [] [] The hydrolysis puts them together by removing H2O and condensation uses water to pull the apart. The egg yolk and egg whites under go in these reactions. D. [] Amino acids. Condensation They are formed by condensation in a ribosome. When they enter, H2O is removed, bonding them together. E. [] First, the body intakes food of some kind, it enters the stomach and is digested into glucose. The pancreas secretes insulin that enters the blood stream unlocking the fat or muscle cell where it is burned for energy. F. [] The lipase eat away at the fats, but since the fats tend to clump together, the liver secretes bile, which is attracted to both fats and water clumping them together. G. [] When there is a build up of plaque in the artery and a blood clot tries to pass through. The area of the heart becomes dead because no blood can get to it. H. []
 * 1) Explain how heat affects the rate of reaction.
 * 1) Explain how surface area affects the rate of reaction.
 * 1) Explain how concentration affects the rate of reaction.
 * 1) What types of molecules make up enzymes?
 * 1) What determines the function of an enzyme?
 * 1) What is denaturing?
 * 1) Describe how a reaction takes place without an enzyme and then with an enzyme.
 * 1) Explain how you think an enzyme might speed up a reaction.
 * 1) Explain why you think enzymes are so particular about reactions.
 * 1) How is the shape of an enzyme important?
 * 1) Explain how you know an enzyme is reusable.
 * 1) How does heating an enzyme affect its function?
 * 1) Does heating an enzyme always have the same effect when the catalyst needs to act on a substance? Explain.
 * 1) Explain the difference between hydrolysis and condensation (dehydration).
 * 1) Which molecules from our labs undergo these reactions?
 * 1) What are proteins made of?
 * 1) What chemical process creates the proteins?
 * 1) Describe how proteins are made in detail. Sketch a picture.
 * 1) Describe step by step how your body breaks down carbohydrates. Make sure to specify the function of each organ during the steps.
 * 1) How is fat digested? How is this different from carbohydrates? Be sure to discuss the organs, substances, and enzyme responsible.
 * 1) How do heart attacks occur?

Describe in your own words using any of the images from the above link and draw a picture that describes proteins (do not copy and paste from images): It looks like a curly-q French fry in this shape. It seems a little broken, slightly like a bent over curly-q. It’s more of a 3d shape and it is a whole mess of squiggles. It looks like four paper clips all merged together in this structure. = = =*Biomolecules* =
 * 1) Primary structure
 * 1) Secondary structure
 * 1) Tertiary structure
 * 1) Quarternary structure

As it turns out, there is no starch in either Egg whites, or egg yolks, but it tested positive every time for proteins. For the fats and sugars, it varied. The results were not only mixed within the foods themselves, but it also seemed like the foods were also different from each other in this category.

The Catalase experiment and this one seemed very different to me, not only by procedures, but also by means of results. Here, we had an entire column reacting with something unanimously.

I learned from this experiment that several things are found in eggs, but that by no mean makes them the best food for you. = = = ~Catalase~ =

1. Discuss your results from the activity, discuss your analysis of the activity from the spreadsheet (what did you learn, what was surprising, what connections can you make between temperature and enzyme activity and the presence of catalase in certain foods?)

The results I got from this activity were pretty plain. There were no reactions in either the egg white, which I did, or in the egg yolk, that other classmates of mine did. What was surprising is that there was reaction in the ground beef and liver, yet none in the egg at all.

2. Show the chart that you created.

(Already up)

3. Develop a question about the catalase activity. Create a quality question about enzymes or enzyme action, etc. Either research to find the answer or use available materials to experiment to find the answer. If you research, list your sources. If you experiment, outline your experiment and explain your results.

Why do they work best at a certain temperature? ([]) It turns out that they work best because that’s the way they are set up. There is really no other way that they can do it.

= = = ~Create a Creature~ =

(GlomDraco)
= = == = = Starting off it’s day, the Darble comes out of it’s tiny crevice and enlarges it’s body back to normal size, it contracts at night so no animal can harm it’s soft squishy under belly. It uses it’s spiky scales to scratch the tree bark off trees for itself to eat and it rolls to water to get a drink and cool off. It uses it’s tiny arms to get itself off and goes rolling again. After it cools off, it goes alone and fells mighty trees to show it’s power. After the recreation, the Darble uses chemicals in it’s mouth and friction with it’s scales to produce fire at night with which it uses to protect it’s cave until it has finished contracting and is ready to go to sleep. They rest for 12 hours and have extremely poor eyesight at night so they sleep from sun down to sun up. With that, the cycle starts again. = =

=White Oak=
 * 1) Scientific name is //Quercus alba//.
 * 2) Organism that infects tree is the hedgehog gall.
 * 3) Provides food for // Bucculatrix luteella, //the white oak is their only known food source.
 * 4) Justify classification of tree to related trees - create classification scheme as a class, identify related species
 * 5) Commercial use of tree is that it is mainly used for furniture.
 * 6) The twig is greenish brown in color and has several white spots along it, and the tip had several brown buds emitting from it.
 * 7) It is found in most of North America and inhabits even some parts northern Florida and Texas.
 * 8) This is an image of the white oak leaves.

All information and images found on: @http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_oak

=Tulip Tree=


 * 1) Scientific name is //Liriodendron.//
 * 2) Organism that infects tree is the Silk moth
 * 3) Provides food for Lepidoptera caterpillars, a type of butterfly.
 * 4) Justify classification of tree to related trees - create classification scheme as a class, identify related species
 * 5) Cabinet, furniture, and framing
 * 6) The twig is ember brown in color and has a large bud located at the tip.
 * 7) They are found in mainly North America.
 * 8) An image of a Tulip tree flower.

All information and pictures found at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liriodendro