The+Fancy+Pants

Ian Miller Derick Kelly Cory Haag Lance Deet toc

=1. Prokaryote cell=

=Eukaryote plant=

=Eukaryote Animal=

2.

Prokaryote Animal cell/ Bacteria (flickr user: kaibara87)

This is a prokaryotic bacteria cell. It is not eukaryotic because it does not contain a nucleus.

=Eukaryote Animal=

This is a eukaryotic animal cell because it doesn't have a cell wall. Also because it has a nucleus unlike the prokaryote

=Eukaryote Plant=

This is a eukaryotic plant cell because it has an outer layer called the cell wall. In the picture its the dark pink park around the cell.

3. The main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are that eukaryote cells have a nucleus that is held a double membrane. Prokaryotes do not. Eukaryote and Prokaryote cells have organelle that are almost the same, but eukaryotic cells have more complex organelles. The eukaryote ribosomes are composed of five kinds RNA and eighty kinds of protein while the prokaryote ribosome is made up of only three kinds of RNA and only fifty kinds of protein.

4.How do animals and plants have prokaryote cells if they are single-celled organisms? Plants and animals are eukaryotes because of they have a nucleus. These cells have prokaryote cells lodged in them. While describing the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplast, we say that these were once upon a time were free-living prokaryotic cells that were engulfed into the eukaryotic cells. Thus plants and animal cells have prokaryotic cells. =Elodea cell= 83.3 microns

=Elodea Cell with salt water= 68.2 microns

Questions 1. The elodea is a little bit smaller than the onion. The elodea is green and the onion is more of a tannish color. They both have cell walls, cell membranes, and cytoplasm. 2. When salt water was added the cells got smaller and less organized than they had been. The salt may have absorbed some of the water and made them smaller.

=Onion Cell= 125 microns

The shape of the onion cell is rectangular and in rows.

The fresh water in the cell moves because of osmosis. Which would then make the cell hard and clear.

It makes the cells more visible and some stuff that might have been impossible to see is now colored or stained so you can see it.

Our question is why do onions make your eyes water?

The onion contains oil, which contains sulfur, an irritant to both our noses and to our eyes. Cutting an onion releases a gas contained within the onion, propanethiol which then emits a passive sulfur compound. When this gas encounters the water produced by the tear ducts in our eyes it produces sulfuric acid. In response to the acid, our eyes automatically blink, and produce tears which irrigate the eye, and which flush out the sulfuric acid.

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090419065219AA75XgR

=Cheek Cell=

46.875 microns

1. The cheek cell sorta just looks like little bubbles and are circular in shape but not in a perfect circle.

2. The onion and elodea cells are arranged in rows and have a rectangular shape while the cheek cell is just sort of scattered and don't have a paticular shape.

3. Our question is why can cheek cells be taken out so easily?  We have found that cheek cells divide approximately every 24 hours and are constantly shed from the body.

http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/techniques/dic/dicgallery/cheekcellssmall.html

Sources: [] []

=Apple cell=

the apple cell is about 130 um

=Celery cell=

the celery cell is about 95 um

Justification- To tell that a fruit or veggie is in fact made of cells first you must know that cells have cytoplasm and a nucleus. Also that there is an outer membrane present to keep the cells form. In all of our past cells we have found that they all have cytoplasm and a nucleus. What we found in the celery and apple also had a nucleus and cytoplasm so they are most definitely cells. So fruits and veggies are all made of cells.

=Venn Diagram=



=Cell Transport=

**diffusion-** movement of molecules down their concentration
 * osmosis**- water moves through a permeable membrane from higher concentration to lower concentration
 * hypotonic**- a solution with a lesser solute concentration
 * hypertonic-** a solution with a greater solute concentration

**isotonic-** solutions of equal solute concentration

**solute-** substance that is dissolved in a solutio**n**
 * solvent-** liquid that is able to dissolve another substance like a solid

**selectively permeable**- a property of biological membranes that allow some substances to move through and in more easily than others

**water potential**- the physical property predicting the direction in which water will flow

**concentration gradien**t- a regular increase of the decrease in how denseness of a chemical substance

**plasmolysis**- this occurs in cells that have cell walls like plant cells where the cytoplasm shrivels up and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall. This happens when the cell loses water while exposed to a hypertonic substance

**turgor-** the force directed against a cell wall after water gets into the cell and the swelling of plant cells because of osmosis

**active transport**- the movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration level with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins.
 * facilitated diffusion-** the spontaneous passage of molecules and ions across a biological membrane



Osmosis is when water move across a permeable membrane into a cell. This potato was just sitting in distilled water. The potato absorbed the water, and gained weight and expanded, just like a cell would do if it had osmosis.



Diffusion is water moving from a high concentration to a low concentration. The salt absorbed the water that was already contained inside the potato making it smaller.

Questions

1.Osmosis is the movement of water through a membrane from a region of its higher concentration to a lower concentration. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. Diffusion can occur in gases, liquids, or solids. Osmosis works by the use of it being isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic. Both diffusion and osmosis take place inside a cell, and move from a high concentration to low concentration. They both have passive transport, this means that they do not require the cell to use energy while using diffusion or osmosis.

2.Diffusion and Osmosis are a passive process because energy is not required from the cell. Also they work with a concentration gradient high to low.

3.Passive transport does not require any energy from the cell for any type of movement. Active transport on the other hand, requires energy from the cell for any movement to take place. Passive transport goes from high to low concentration, and active goes from low to high.

4.How can we know that molecules are moving through the water? It is possible for us to test this question and tell that it is true. To test we would need a clear glass filled eith water and food coloring. Take the glass of water and put a couple drops of food coloring in it and watch as the coloring is dispusresed evenly

Lab Report First we filled three beakers up to 500ml with salt water, distilled water and iodine. Then we cut the potato into three different slices, each weighing 10 grams. We then put one potato slice into each of the beakers. We let the potatoes sit for 10 minutes in the beaker and then took them out and weighed them again. The distilled water potato gained .2 grams, the iodine gained .1 gram, and the salt water lost .3 grams. This shows that the distilled potato let water in and it gained weight. This shows osmosis because the water outside of the potato wanted to get from the higher concentration to the lower concentration of the potato. The iodine one obviously showed diffusion. Just by looking at it you can tell that iodine got into the potato by diffusion. The salt water potato showed diffusion but in a different way. Instead of getting into the potato the salt water took water from the potato. It took water away because the water from the potato wanted to go from its higher concentration to the salt water’s lower concentration.

=Cellular Respiration=

=venn diagram=





white lane 2 green lane 3 red lane 4 blue lane 5 yellow lane 6 purple lane 7

the murder was the DNA in evidence well 7 because it matches up with the evidence DNA in well 2.

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis