McChicken

 =McChicken =

Rebecca and Alissa
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=External Anatomy= = = =EXTERNAL ANATOMY GLOSSARY=

Lateral view – side view Ventral view – on back Dorsal – near the back or upper surface of an animal or organ or part Ventral – toward or near the belly of the animal Anterior – near the head end or toward the front plane of the body Posterior – buttocks, fleshy part of body Pectoral – either of two large muscles of the chest Pelvic – hip gridle bony structure located at the caudal end (the base) of the spine Head – front part of body in animals Trunk – area from the front shoulders to the hip base Thorax- the middle region of the body Abdomen – between the thorax and the pelvis Medial – towards the midline Caudal – constituting or relating to a tail Cranial – related to cranium which encloses the brain Umbilical cord – connecting the fetus with the placenta Mammary papillae – small nipples of the pig that are found on the abdomen Proximal – also known as basal; closer to the trunk; describes point of structure nearest a point of reference Distal – farther from the trunk; describes the part of a structure that is farthest removed from a point of reference Lateral – to the side of the body Left – pigs left Right - pig’s right Pinnae – the ears made out of cartilage; used to hear

Eye – located on head; used to see Urogenital opening – an opening that senses both urinary and the reproductive systems; exit for both the reproductive and excretory systems Urogenital papillae – near the genital opening; small and fleshy Anus – the opening of the rectum that excretes waste Urogenital opening – an opening that senses both urinary and the reproductive systems; exit for both the reproductive and excretory systems Scrotal sacs - a sac like swelling containg testes and located ventral to anus Artery – 2, located in the umbilical cord; they carry oxygenated blood from the momto baby pig Vein -1, located in the umbilical cord; carry de oxygenated blood back to mom Ankle – connects the knee to the foot and toes, allows leg to bend more Knee – first bending point in the leg; located at the first curve off of the body Wrist – connects the shoulder to the rest of the arm; allows it to bend Elbow – first main bending part of the arm, located closer to the shoulder Toe – hoof like hard substances, split into two for walking, helps with balance

External Anatomy Questions
7. Umbilical artery is a paired artery (one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord.

8. The female pig and male have twelve mammary papillae. A female feeds young piglets by producing milk. The males are useless.

9. Four to nine pairs of mammary papillae are present on a fetal pig.

10. A pigs back leg bends oppisite of a humans legs and a pigs arms bends the same way as a human.

Ventral View
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Umbilical Cord
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Front Leg
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Lateral View
= = =Mouth Anatomy Glossary=

Epiglottis- A thin structure located at the root of the tongue, folds over the glottis to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing

Glottis- Opening between the vocal cords at the upper part of the larynx

Gullet- An opening to the esophagus, where food passes through to the stomach

Nasopharnyx- Upper part of the pharynx, continues to nasal passages

Soft Palate- A movable fold that is suspended from the rear of the hard palate closes off the nasal cavity during swallowing or sucking

Hard Palate- The hard, bony portions of the palate

Nare- Channels of the nose, nasal passages, which air flows through

Tongue- Taste buds are located at the end, wets the food that the pig is going to digest.

Taste Buds- Located on tongue, tells what things taste like, or upper part of tongues and on the ridges.

Vestibule- Part of the mouth cavity that is located outside the teeth and gums

Uvula- Fleshy hangs from the soft palate

3.The glottis goes to the trachea for the pigs breathing and the epiglottis is the flap over the glottis to stop food or liquids going to the lungs considering it could be fatal. The gullet is an opening to the esophagus where food passes through to the stomach.

3.The taste buds are located on the topside of the tongue so the pig can taste things there are no taste buds on the bottom side because it wouldn’t be necessary.

4. The pigs have teeth on both jaws top and bottom and they start erupting when they are still in the womb of the mother.







Skinning the Pig
2. How thick is the skin?

The skin is one millimeter thick.

3. What attaches the skin to the body of the pig?

The skin is attached by the superficial fascia.

4. Discuss the functions of the pig’s skin.

The pig’s skin protects the organs and keeps the body at the right temperature, for example by sweating to cool the body down or by shivering to warm the body up.

Joint – point of connection between two bones Extensor – skeletal muscle that stretches a body part Flexor – skeletal muscle bends joints Origin – a place where something begins Insertion – a point a which the muscles attaches to skin Belly –abdomen, region between thorax and pelvis Tendon – connects muscle with boney attachment Fascia - connective tissue separating or binding muscles and organs together Antagonistic pairs – muscle that acts in opposition Adductor – a muscle that draws a body part toward the body Abductor – draws a body part such a finger arm and toe away from the body

Head Muscle







=Digestive System=

Questions
5. How many lobes does the liver have?

The pig’s liver is divided into five lobes: the right lateral, right central, left central, left lateral, and a small caudate lobe. The caudate lobe is posterior to the right lateral lobe.

6. What is the relationship between the liver and the gall bladder?

The gall bladder holds the bile that the liver produces.

7. First is the Duodenum - responsible for breakdown of food next is the Jejunum – where chemical breakdown of the food is completed and last is the Ileum ¬– it absorbs nutrients

8. The difference is the pigs colon is more spiral and the humans is an upside down u shape.

Digestive System Charts Chart 2

Lower Digestive System

Upper Digestive System

=Respiratory System=

Respiratory Picture 1 Vocal Cords 6. Since the left ventral pumps blood at a higher pressure, it would have the largest muscle mass.

7. The pulmonary artery is connected to the right ventricle chamber.

8. The aorta is connected to the left ventricle chamber.

9. The largest artery in the body that contains blood under the greatest amount of pressure would be the aorta.

10. A vein carries blood to the heart, while an artery carries blood away from the heart.