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[tct] =Group names= AvoryS SpencerF SeanM

**Foul Water Lab** =\= 1.) 37 mL = 50.7% 2.) The gravel filter 3.) Bacteria, parasites, and pollution 4.) No it's impossible because all of the remaining stuff in the water including oil, dirt, or tar have mass in it which will bring the water amount below what it started at.

=Activity A= 1.) Southern Asia, Eastern Asia, North America 2.) The map made some of the countries swollen where more water usage is. Because on a regular map would just show a table and a color chart wheel, but using the swollen map gives a better visual description. 3.) Central Africa has the lowest population at 0.76 and Southern Asia has the highest at 24% Central Africa has a population of 99 million people. Southern Asia has a population of 1,389.

=Water Sources= What do we use water for?
 * Toilet
 * Wash hands
 * Washing clothes
 * Swimming pool
 * Dishwasher
 * Showers
 * Drinking
 * Cooking

Large city: Columbus = Take a shower but plug your drain to use the access water to water your plants. Small city: Pittsburgh = Instead of washing your car you could wash your clothes Suburbs: Fox Chaple = Wash dishes in the sink instead of washing them in the dishwasher. Rural areas: Sprankles Mills = Instead of washing your car use the water for your farming crops.

Problems: Just because we conserve water there are still much needed things we need water for such as saved up water for droughts. How can we save water if were going to need to conserve water for ourselves?

=Activity B=



1.) The water you can drink is 1.7% Water you can't drink is 98.2% 2.) 2.5% Fresh water on Earth 3.) 68.9% Fresh water is frozen on Earth 4.) Lakes, rivers, reservoir, and underground sources. 5.) Lakes, rivers, and reservoirs.

=Activity C= 1.) The water goes out into the sea and a portion of it gets evaporated and then that water goes into the vapor transport the turns into precipitation. 2.) Precipitation, ground water flow, external run off, and internal run off. 3.) It is possible to run out of fresh water but most likely not all water. 4.) Europe, there is not a lot of water. South Asia, there is also not a lot of water there.

=Activity D= = = Water Shed- A ridge of land the separates two agjecent river systems. Drainage Basin- Is an extent of land where water from rain or show melt drains downhill into a body of water like a lake or river. Steam Order- Body of water that flows across the Earth's surface.

1. As the Ohio river flows into other major rivers like the Alleghany the population varies it gets bigger then smaller and the landforms go from city to flat lands. Also the other streams that branch off the big rivers flow into cites and smaller towns. The elevation also varies it goes low from -84 meters and then it can jump to about 2000 meters and it does that all threw the rivers.

2. Our population has dropped since 1990 most likely no jobs drove people away. Also our elevation for the most part has stayed the same but our landforms have diminished like our forestry.

3. I think it would be better to use both because there are a lot more drainage divides then there are state boundaries but the people in our state can even get greedy about owning water so there for it would be good to use drainage boundaries then state boundaries would be good so people out of state don’t get angry and try to take our water.

=Conserving in the household=

=Normal Climate= Middle Susquehana 1. Yes they do because the average temperature and precipation does not change or vary too much. 2. Drought severity, heating degree and cooling degree days 3. The precipitation is about half an inch lower the graph was from 2001

La nina the air temp dropped 1 degree



**Activity 4** 1. Asbestos Causes- commonly found in older homes, in pipe and furnace insulation materials, millboard, etc. This is brought on by wood shavings, or sanding. Heath Effect- Long-term risk of chest and abdominal cancers and lung diseases. Smokers are at higher risk of developing asbestos. More so it causes lung cancer. Reduction- basically all you have to do is call a contractor to seal and clean up your house. 2. Biological Pollutants Causes- Dust mites, mold, pet dander (skin flakes), droppings and body parts from cockroaches, etc. Heath Effect- This can trigger allergic reactions, including hypersensitivity pneumonitis, allergic rhinitis, and some types of asthma. Reduction- Good maintenance of heating and air conditioning equipment, adequate ventilation is a good one as well. 3. Carbon Monoxide Causes- Unvented kerosene and gas space heaters, leaking chimneys and furnaces, back-drafting from furnaces, gas stoves, generators, etc. Heath Effect- Carbon Monoxide if exposed to a lot of it can make you feel fatigue, bring on low concentration, chest pain in people with heart disease; it can even impair your vision, etc. Reduction- Vehicular use should be carefully managed adjacent to buildings and in cocation programs. It is most important to be sure combustion equipment is maintained and properly adjusted. Percussions can be keep gas appliances properly adjusted. Consider purchasing a vented space heater when replacing an unvented one. Use proper fuel in kerosene space heaters. 4. Formaldehyde/Press Wood Products Causes- Pressed wood products (hardwood plywood wall paneling, particleboard, fiber board) Health Effect- Formaldehyde can cause colorless, pungent-smelling gas in the air, watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes and throat, nausea, etc. Reduction- Use “exterior-grade” pressed wood products (lower-emitting because they contain phenol resins, not urea resins). Use conditioning and dehumidifiers to maintain moderate temperature and reduce humidity levels. 5. Lead Causes- Lead-based paint, contaminated soil, dust, and drinking water. Health Effect- Lead covers pretty much all systems in your body. Lead at high levels can cause convulsions, coma, and even death. Reduction- Do not remove lead paint yourself, do not bring lead dust into the home, if your work or hobby involves lead, change clothes and use doormats before entering home. 6. Nitrogen Dioxide Causes- Kerosene heaters, un-vented gas stoves and heaters. Environmental tobacco smoke. Heath Effect- Eye, nose, and throat irritation. May cause impaired lung function and increased respiratory infections in young children. Reduction- Keep gas appliances properly adjusted, consider purchasing a vented space heater when replacing an un-vented one, do not idle car inside garage. 7. Pesticides Causes- products used to kill household pests. Pesticides are classed as semi-volatile organic compounds and include a variety of chemicals in various forms. Heath Effect- Irritation to eye, nose, and throat; damage to central nervous system kidney; increased risk of cancer. Reduction- If you use a pest control company, select it carefully, store clothes with moth repellents in separately ventilated areas, if possible, keep indoor spaces clean, dry, and well ventilated to avoid pest and odor problems. 8. Radon Causes- Soil suction draws radon from beneath the house and vents it away from the house through pipes. Health Effect- Lung cancer, smoking, radon is the number one cause of lung cancer among non-smokers. Reduction- Sealing crack and openings inside your home, house pressurization which pretty much means using a fan to create pressure differences that help keep radon from entering the house. 9. Repairable Particles Causes- Particle levels in homes without smoking or other strong particle sources are the same as, or lower than, outdoor levels. Health Effect- Once again harms the eyes, nose, and throat. Respiratory infections and bronchitis, lung cancer. Reduction- Vent all furnaces to outdoors; keep doors to rest house open using unvented space heaters. Change filters on central heating and cooling systems and air cleaners according to manufacturer’s directions. 10. Secondhand Smoke/ Environmental Tobacco Smoke Causes- Being by heavy smokers of cigars, cigarettes, etc. Health Effect- Causes risk of lung cancer, brings on asthma, can cause bronchitis. Reduction- Stay clear away from smokers. 11. Stoves, Heaters, Fireplaces, and Chimneys Causes- Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. Health Effect- Brings on carbon monoxide, which has effects of colorless, odorless gas that interferes with the delivery of oxygen throughout the body. It also puts out nitrogen oxide, which is a reddish brown, irritating odor gas that irritates the mucous membranes in the eyes, nose, and throat. Causes shortness of breath after exposure to high concentrations. Reduction- Take special precautions when operating fuel-burning unvented space heaters. Install and use exhaust fans over gas cooking stoves and ranges and keep the burners properly adjusted. Keep woodstove emissions to a minimum. 12. Volatile Organic Compounds Causes- Paint products including paint strippers, and other solvents; wood preservatives; aerosol sprays, moth repellents, and air fresheners. Health Effect- Eye, nose, and throat irritation. Causes headaches, loss of coordination, nausea; damage to liver kidney, and central nervous system. Reduction- Increase ventilation is like any other compound. Do not store open containers of unused paints and similar materials. Formaldehyde, one of the best known VOC’s, is one the few indoor air pollutants that can be readily measured.

=Activity 5= Some of the sources of indoor air pollution around schools in Pennsylvania is first manganese and magnesium compounds that are mostly from industrial processing plants but is sometimes found in school foods. It is essential for good health but you only need small doses of it overexposure to too much manganese can cause mental and physical problems and also slow body functions. Another toxin found in a lot of schools that are near by any steel making or cement production plants is chromium 6 which is hard to monitor with out very good detectors and it has no taste and no smell and is very harmful. So the schools that are infected the most with toxins and human carcinogens are the schools that are close to certain industries.



=Junkyard Projecttoc= media type="custom" key="5386545" width="220" height="220"

=Oil is more than energy=

__ Crisis dealing with oil __

1.) The U.S. trade deficit is rising meaning it is widened our deficit, increasing the gap between our imports and exports. 2.) The U.S. is spending $1 billion dollars daily over seas when it can be used in house holds. 3.) Due to us making major contributors to the global demand for oil the U.S. is paying to finance and sustain unfriendly regimes. Our demand jacks up the oil prices because of these reasons. 4.) Receiving oil from “dangerous or unstable” countries because we are so desperate for oil. 5.) Not only does the gas jeopardize us but it is jeopardizing the Earth as well because the statistics show the global warming rates have sky rocketed since 2007.

I believe that what I read I do believe because clearly there are statistics showing that global warming can happen and WILL happen if we don’t change our fuel type now. The fuel we use is efficient for us to us but we can’t pay outrages prices constantly and be going to war just for a small amount of oil that is left. Scientists say that in 2020 the oil will be all gone and if you think about it that’s not far from where we are today. The pollution of the fuel we are using is also hurting the environment as well. There are different fuel types that are better than gas. Air cars I think will be a big deal here in the near future because one they give off no air pollution, two they cost about $2 to fill up, and three they can travel at rates just as high as gas puts out.

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[] = = =Comic Life Poster on Petroleum=



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