G-Force

toc =G-Force=

Renee B. Lexie R. Afton M.

1.

Eukaryote Animal


The eukaryote animal is enclosed by a membrane. The animal cell is different then the plant because it does not have a cell wall.

Eukaryote Plant
The plant cell has a vacuole that is much larger then the animal cell. They are stationary cells.

Prokaryote
__The prokaryote is a bacteria cell that does not contain a nucleus.__ =Prokaryote= =Argobacterium Tumefaciens= This is a prokaryote cell. It is visable that it is a prokaryote cell because it is a slide of a type of bacteria. Bacteria is a prokaryote cell. =Eurkaryote Animal= =Frog Blood=

The three pictures above are an example of eurkayote animal. We know it is an example because the cells are circular and have a nucleus.

=Similarities and Differences between the two types of cells=

**__4.Is it necessary to have cells to survive?__** The answer to this question is yes. All cells have a purpose, if they don’t do anything productive, they are not needed. A cells purpose is much more important than acting as small pieces. A cells purpose is to survive. Cells would have to be moving around and just trying to stay alive. Physical human bodies consist of cells. High orders of living things exist as a collection of interdependent specialized cells, which allow the organism to survive by replicating themselves. The human body is a mass of individual cells. So if there were not cells, organisms would not exist today.

**Sources below** http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell2_main.html http://wiki.answer.com/Q/Why_do_we_need_cells

=Comparing Plants and Animals= =Check Cell= 18.75 Above is a photo of the check cells. The cell has a length of 18.75 microns. The check cell is an example of an animal cell.

1. The shape of the check cell is ovular. The cells are arranged in bunches. 2. The differences in the onion is the image is darker they are bigger then the elodea and check. The check cell is different because it is a animal cell. The elodea is different because they are smaller and are closer together. The cells are the same because they have a nucleus and are in bunches. 3. The question that I still have is why do different organisms have more cells than another organism? The answer is due to the size of the organism. A mouse will have less cells then a cat due to the difference in the size of the animal. Resources: http://library.thinkquest.org/5420/cellsallkinds.html

=__Onion cell__= The onion cell has a length of 46.87 microns. They are much larger then the check cell and elodea. The onion cell is an example of a plant cell. = = 3. The onion cell is long, thin, and greenish. 4. The question that I have is why the cells differ in size. The answer to the question is because they have a different functions then each other. Sources: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061216033949AAORJNc 5. The purpose of the stain was to darken the onion cell, so we could see it in the microscope. If we didn't do this, it would almost be impossible to see it.

=__Elodea Cell__= The elodea cell is above with salt water. The cell has a measurement of 22.05 microns. The elodea is an example of a plant cell.

1. The differences in the onion and elodea is the cells are bigger in the onion then the elodea. The simularites is they are both plant cells and they both look like the cells are joined together. 2. The thing that happened to the cell when the salt solution was joined together is it makes the cells more transparent. I think this happened because the water went through the cells and made them thinner. 3. The question that I still have is what is elodea used for? The answer is the plant is used to have more oxygen in water. The plant is aquatic. Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elodea and http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_the_leaves_in_an_elodea_plant.

=Do Fruits and Vegetables have cells?= =__Potato Cell__=
 * The photo __above__ is a picture of a potato cell, the size of this cell is 187.5mm.**

The justification of this, is that this has to be a cell, because it has a nucleus, a cell wall, and cytoplasm. If it did not include a nucleus, a cell wall, and cytoplasm, this would not be a cell, but this does include all three of these things, so it is easy to figure out that it is a cell. Another way to figure this out, is that a potato is a living organism, and all living organisms have cells.

=__Apple Cell__= The photo __above__ is a picture of an apple cell. The size of the cell is 25mm.

Does the apple have cells? The answer is yes. As you can see in the picture the apple has many tiny rectangles. Those represent the cell. The darker part of the cell is the cell wall and the tiny circle inside of the cell wall is the nucleus. Eukaryote plant cell contains both the cell wall and nucleus. The apple was a living organism and all living organisms are made of cells.
 * Justification**:

1. First we got the skin from an apple and a potato, then we put the skin on a slide. 2. Second we put the methylene blue on the apple cell to make a clearer picture, but we didn't use anything on the potato skin. 3. Last we measured the cells in high power.
 * Techniques**:

=__Cell size lab__=


 * The picture __below__ are the 3x3x3, 2x2x2, and 1x1x1 cubes.**


 * The picture __below__ are the cubes in the beaker with the solution.**


 * The picture __below__ is when the cubes were taking out of the solution.**


 * The picture __below__ are the cubes after they were cut in half**

=__Nucleus, Ribosomes, and nucleoli.__=

Made by: Alexis, Renee, and Afton

=__Cell Transport Lab__=

Osmosis: The picture above is the potato cube in the water.

The picture above is the potato cube in the salt water

The picture above is the potato cube in iodine water solution.

Above is all three of the potato cubes together. The potato that was in the water and iodine weight rose; however, the potato in the salt water weight decreased.

Osmosis is the process were their is water molecules traveling through a permable membrane from a high concentrated area to a low concentrated area. So in other words the potato is a high concentrated area and the salt water is an area of low concentrate the water molecules from the potato is going to go to the salt water. Because the salt water is an area of low concentrate it gains the water molecules from the potato cube due to it being an area of high concentrate.

Diffusion: The picture above is the dialasis bag that is containing starch water. We put it into iodined water.

The picture above is the bag after 10 minutes in the starch water. The purple/black color is were the diffusion took place.

Diffusion is a process were modules from a solid, liquid, or gas move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In other words the iodine/water molecules are a high concentrated area and the starch/water is an area of low concentrate. The molecules from the iodine/water is going to travel to the low concentrated area with is the starch/water. The result of that happening will cause a purple/black color to appear were the diffusion happened.

1.They are both a form of passive transport; this means there is no cellular energy is required. Also they both involve movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The main difference is one of the definitions. When water is diffusing from one place to anther, like across a membrane, the process is called osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a cell membrane. The movement of any other substance is called diffusion. Also diffusion is the net movement of molecules form an area where there are many to an area where there are few.

2. They are considered passive transport because passive transport means moving biochemical’s and atomic or molecular substances across the cell membrane. This process does not involve chemical energy.

3. One difference is active transport does not involve chemical energy and active transport does. Passive transport requires no energy from the cell, and active transport requires the cell to spend energy, usually in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). A similarity would be materials move into and out of cell through either active or passive transport.

4. The question that we still have about cell transport includes are there any other types of cell transport excluding osmosis and diffusion? The answer is yes. There is active transport, facilitied diffusion, exocytosis, endocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis. Osmosis and simple diffusion is also types of diffusion. Resources: http://library.thinkquest.org/trio/TR0110561/transport.htm.

Diffusion
 * Got a small dyalasis bag
 * Filled the bag with starch solution and tied the ends
 * Filled a beaker to 200 ml with water then put a few drops of iodine into the water
 * Put the bag into the iodined water for 10 minutes
 * Took the bag out and saw that a few places had a purple/black color were the iodine met with the starch.
 * That is were the diffusion took place

Osmosis
 * Cut three cubes from the center of a potato
 * Weighed the three cubes
 * Filled one beaker with 200 ml of water, 200 ml of salt water, and 200 ml of iodined water.
 * Put the cubes in the solutions for 10 minutes
 * Weighed the cubes again

The chart __above__ has the data we collected on the cubes.

=Aerobic and Anaerobic Venn Diagram=



=Crime Scene Lab=