Haley+D.

=toc= =About me= My name is Haley. I am fourteen years old. I'm in ninth grade, and I have a dog named Hershey. [|My blog] = = =Witch Hazel=


 * 1) Name
 * 2) Scientific name-Hamamelis
 * 3) Organism that infects tree-Microscopic Pathogen (//Phytophthora Ramorum)//
 * 4) Provides habitat or food for- Saddled Prominent and Eastern tent Caterpillar eat the leaves of Witch Hazel trees.
 * 5) Justify classification of tree to related trees-Persian Iron Wood, Fothergilla
 * 6) Commercial use of tree-Astringent
 * 7) Twig characteristics- The twigs on a Witch Hazel can't break,they're brown and gray, and are also thin.
 * 8) Where tree is found in the world (native to pa?) No it's native to Missouri.
 * 9) Draw or find a picture of a drawing of the leaf to show to the class.



=Beechwood=


 * 1) Name-beechwood
 * 2) Scientific name-Fagus Grandifolia
 * 3) Organism that infects tree-Beech Bligh Aphid (Grylloprociphilus Imbricator)
 * 4) Provides habitat or food for... (don't guess, research)- black bears, squirrels.
 * 5) Justify classification of tree to related trees - create classification scheme as a class, identify related species-
 * 6) Commercial use of tree-They are great for making furniture, beech pulp is used for making a textile fibre called Modal.
 * 7) Twig characteristics-Twigs on a Beechwood are white to a red/brown color, and there are also very strong.
 * 8) Where tree is found in the world (native to pa?)- Beechwood is found in Europe, Asia and North America.
 * 9) Draw or find a picture of a drawing of the leaf to show to the class.

==

=Creating an Organism=

== =Catalase Activity=

This is comparing apples, liver, and potatoes.

1.) It seems like most of the foods had the highest reaction with the warm hydrogen, the room temperature hydrogen got the second best reaction, with cold coming in last. So the warmer the hydrogen is the more of a reaction you're going to get. 2.) ==

3.) What makes the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and catalase? The catalase is breaking down the hydrogen peroxide. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalase

=Biomolecule Activity=

1.) All of the bananas except one say that simple sugars is present. So i'm gonna say that the one that says it's absent miscalculated and bananas do have simple sugars. Along with starch. 2.) Yes, because it doesn't matter what type of food the biomolecule is in it's going to react the same. 3.) I learned that most fruits have simple sugars, and starches.

=Biomolecule Webquest= 1.) Heat makes the reaction faster. 2.) Increased surface area doesn’t change the speed. 3.) More concentration makes more reaction.

1.) Proteins make up enzymes. 2.) The shape determines the function of an enzyme. 3.) High temperatures or extreme pH values may affect the shape of an enzyme. This will make the enzyme practically useless. 4.) Without an enzyme the sugar bonds can’t connect, but the enzyme attracts the sugar bonds and links them together. 5.) An enzyme can speed up a reaction by attracting bonds to it instead of waiting for them to attach to one another by bumping into each other. 6.) Enzymes are so specific about reactions because they are only fit for one type of reaction. So, they can’t do another enzymes job. Therefore they have to make sure they have the right molecule. 7.) The shape is important because it determines the job of the enzyme. 8.) After it’s connected two sugars then a third one can come along and the already bonded ones can move down and make room for it. Making a line of them like DNA. 9.) Heating changes the shape of enzymes making it so that the sugars cannot fit into it anymore. It isn’t reversible and the sugars have to wait until another enzyme comes along that matches their shape. 10.) No, if heated the catalyst will change shape.

1.) Condensation is responsible for building large molecules. Hydrolosis is responsible for breaking down large molecules. 2.) Which molecules from our labs undergo these reactions?

1.) Proteins are made of amino acids. 2.) The R group.

1.) Enzymes in the mouth and small intestine help break down carbohydrates to make gluscose. Acidic gastric juices are made in the stomach. Carbohydrate digestion begins until it becomes to acidic. Carbohydrates are turned into glucose in the small intestine and absorbed into the bloodstream. Glucose cannot be burned for energy. The pancreas then detects an increase in glucose and makes insulin. Insulin unlocks the glucose cell channels so the glucose can go into it. Pancreas detects a decrease in glucose and then stops sending out insulin. Glucose can be converted into energy.

1.) The liver creates bile. The gall bladder stores and releases it. Bile consists of molecules. These molecules are half attracted to water and the other have is attracted to fats. The bile puts itself between the fat and water therefore the fat doesn’t clump together. Emulsification is when the lipase can get a hold of the fats and it then aids digestion.

1.) Heart attacks occur when blood flow to a section of a heart becomes blocked. Causing the heart to die if it isn’t restored fast enough. The heart becomes blocked by plaque on artery walls. =Light Intensity= == Light Intensity-is a physical dimension of light waves that refers to how much energy the light contains Wavelength-the distance between two points in consecutive cycles of a wave Energy-actively working wavelength Pigment- is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength

Light intensity is important because if you have the most then you can make the maximum ATP. Wavelength needs to be a specific amount that it doesn’t harm the plant.

=Photosynthesis Webquest=

1. What is photosynthesis? the sun's radiant energy, that pours onto the earth everyday, is turned into carbohydrate molecules.

2. What types of organisms carry out photosynthesis? List 3 groups. plants, green algae, euglena

3. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? What is the translation for the chemical equation? Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy → Glucose + Oxygen
 * 6 CO2 ** **+ 6 H2O** **//→//**** C6H12O6 ** **+ 6 O2**

4. Look at your equation in number 3 and answer the following questions: a. What are the raw materials or reactants needed to carry out photosynthesis? Carbon Dioxide and water.

b. What are the products of photosynthesis? Glucose oxygen and water.

c. What energy source is needed in the reaction? sun

5. Consider a plant as the photosynthetic organism. a. In what part of the plant does photosynthesis occur? in the leaves chlorophyll.

b. What specific cells are involved? pigment cells

c. What specific organelle is involved? chloroplasts

6. How does the plant get the raw materials needed for photosynthesis to the plant part where photosynthesis occurs? They get it from nutrients. They use their roots to suck it up from the water. and carbon dioxide comes in through the stomata

7. What is a stoma and of what value is the stoma to the plant in its efforts to carry out photosynthesis? Stoma-pore in a leaf. It is used for gas exchanges in the leaf.

8. Explore the organelle that is responsible for the process of photosynthesis. What are found inside the organelle and how do these parts aid in the process of photosynthesis? The chloroplasts have certain materials in it that can absorb energy from the light.

9. What is the first part of photosynthesis called and where does it occur? Light Stage, chloroplasts.

10. What exactly happens in the first part of photosynthesis? water's being split.

11. What is the second part of photosynthesis called and where does it happen? Calvin cycle, stroma

12. What happens in the second part of photosynthesis? carbon dioxide and hydrogen are made into carbohydrates.

13. Are the two parts of photosynthesis connected? If so, explain the connection. yes, the energy is made in the first part, and then the energy is used in the second.

14. Does the chemical equation that you listed in number 3 tell the entire story of the process of photosynthesis? Why or why not? No, glucose is not always made. =Respiration Analysis=

1.) To make yeast become active the temperature has to be exact so you don't kill it. And the amount of sugar solution determines how much the bread will rise. 2.) Dependant-amount of fermentation independant-sugar solution 3.) Yeast prefers a warm environment. And 3% solution wasn't enough, 5% was the perfect amount, and 10% was way too much. 4.) The lower the amount the less it rised, so 5% was perfect. 5.) Fermentation =Yeast Lab=

5%-Thugsforlife

10%-Chunkee Chimpunkees.

3%-Otatop

=Cell Portfolio=



=Williams Syndrome=

1. What causes this condition? (There are two ways to look at this one - In terms of DNA, what causes the irregularity, and also, what can trigger this genetic change?) People with Williams Syndrome are missing genetic material from chromosome 7. This also includes elastin.

2. How is it diagnosed? It has very distinctive characteristics. Doctors ca confirm it by using FIHS(fluorescent in situ hybridization).

3. Who gets this disorder? Discuss percentages, subgroups of people, etc. Is the disorder genetic in nature or is it caused by something environmental? Children get this disorder. The parent doesn’t get this syndrome and kids after words don’t because people with Williams Syndrome can’t have kids.

4. What are the symptoms of this disorder? Mental retardation, heart defects, unusual facial features (upturned nose, wide mouth, full lips, small chin, widely spaced teeth. Low birth weight, failure to gain weight appropriately, kidney abnormalities and low muscle tone

5.Summarize other information that is important. The gene elastin gives blood vessels the stretchiness and strength required to withstand a lifetime use. Since they lack elastin, people with this syndrome have problems with the circulatory system and heart defects.

6. What level is your disorder? Level 2