ZEBRA+STRIPEs

=toc= =Team members=

Benb Shorty Kali B

=Foul water lab=

1. What percentage of water did you recover? (how much of your original sample?) We recovered about 50% of the water that we tried to clean. 2. Which filtration step lost the most water? Why do you think so? We think that the removing oil step is what lost the most water because we had to use a suction thing to remove the oil which removed a fair amount of water as well. 3. List substances from our homes and nature that must be cleaned from the water. List as many as your group can name. DIRT, leaves, waste. oil, sand and there are many others that i cant think of. 4. Is it possible to retrieve 100% of water even if mostly clean water is filtered? Why or why not? No because the other materials in the water will absord the water and actually take away from the water once its filtered.

=Activity A= Yes countries that use the most water have the greatest population also no the ones that have the least population don't use the least water. India- water use 667 population-1050 Pakistan water use 178 population-150
 * 1) Which countries are the largest consumers of water? India has the largest consumption of water.
 * 2) How is this map different from other world maps? How is displaying the data this way better than a regular chart? You can understand the data better and understand each countries water level.
 * 3) Do the countries that use the most water also have the largest populations? Do those that use the least have the least populations? Give two examples for each.

=Water Sources=

What do we use water for? Generate a list as a group to list all the uses of water by all organisms in all types of areas. Class list: 1.showers 2.dishes 3.crops 4.washing clothes 5.cooking 6.drinking 7.water parks 8.water gun/balloon fights 9.washing cars 10.cleaning 11.heating 12.animals 13.cars 14.coffee 15.coolade 16.tea 17.baking 18.fires 19.camping 20.boating 21.fish tanks 22.swimming pools 23.construction 24.water sports 25.science class 26.ice cubes 27.body sweats water which cant be reused 28.pressure washers 29.use to make paper 30. sprinkler 31.water fountains

A problem occurs when there are competing activities. These are activities that occur at the same time in the same area. What are some examples of competing activities for different types of living areas: Large city: No cars, Water more plants showers, drinking, cooking Small city: Water some plants showers, drinking, cooking Suburbs: Washing cars, water gun fights Rural areas: wells, washing cars, springs

What are some of the problems of competing activities? You may run out of water if you are in a rural area with a well or spring and you are using a lot of water in one day.

Example areas with problems from competing activities: Shallow waters along the coast of VA Wetlands that existed around some towns Dams (especially on the Colorado River) Industry along the Mississippi

=Activity B= How does the amount of water today compare with that of the past or the future? In the past there wa sn't much water because there wasn't a way to find it yet and in the future there won't be much water because people are using too much of it. Create a chart to lis t all the places water is located using the following headings: Fresh water, Salt water, Locked water ==

Answer the following questions:
 * 1) How much water is found in each of thes e? Use the chart located on this site: @http://www.swivel.com/graphs/show/20068274 and determine how much water there is in all the places listed above if the total water on the Earth is 1,386,000,000 cubic kilometers.
 * 2) What percent of the total water on Earth is fresh water? 2.5%
 * 3) What percent of the FRESH WATER is found frozen in ice? 3.8%
 * 4) What sources of fresh water are found on the surface of the Earth? Groundwater, Ground Ice, Lakes, Atmosphere, Soil Moisture, Swamp Water, Rivers, Biological Water.
 * 5) Which sources can humans most easily obtain their water? Rivers, lakes and swamp water.
 * 6) To get an idea of the water we can actually us e, look at this site: [|http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2008/science-tech/all-the-water-in-the-world/] Why is this a problem for the human population (and all the other organisms in the world?) We can quickly loose a lot of water that you need to live and without water there would be too many problems.

Activity C
View the following picture: @http://serc.carleton.edu/images/eslabs/drought/water_cycle.v2.jpg

> List some of the ways that areas are coping with water shortages and making water available.
 * Team work: put on your team page and label "water sources: activity A" (use heading 1)**
 * 1) List what you observe about the movement of water on the Earth and the amounts of water moving in any direction (The size of the arrow represents the amount of water that is moving. i.e. the larger the arrow, the more water moving that direction.) The precipitation falls from the clouds which lands in lakes, the evaporation goes back up and turns into precipitation then the water in the lake goes down in the ground into the groundwater flow which goes into the ocean turns into evaporation then back to precipitation and keep going in that cycle.
 * 2) What portions of the water cycle are available for humans to use? Anything from a river run off to vapor transfer to area of external runoff to area of internal runoff.
 * 3) The amount of water on the Earth has stayed the same, but our populations have been increasing rapidly. Is it possible to "run out of water." If not, why is there a problem. We do n't believe that we can run out of water because the cycle keeps going and going.
 * 4) Look at the map here @http://soils.usda.gov/use/worldsoils/mapindex/popden.htmland list the areas of the world that are the most populated. Are these areas of the world where there is a lot of water? North America, South America, Europe Yes most of these areas have a lot of water.
 * Individual work: Place this on your Individual page and and label "water shortages" (use heading 1)**
 * 1) Look at some of the articles on this site http://www.scientificamerican.com/report.cfm?id=water

=Activity D= Watershed - The region or area drained by a river, stream,etc. Stream orde r- Drainage basin - the area drained by a river and all it' s tributa ries Create a model of a watershed using the following procedure: **Dendritic** - One of the most common, it looks like the branching patterns of tree roots **Trellis** - looks similar to their namesake it is the common garden trellis. It is found in the Appalachian Mountains. **Radial** - Develops around a central elevated point. It shaped has common features as a volcano.
 * Find the meanings of the following words: watershed, stream order, drainage basin**
 * 1) Crumple several pieces of newspaper and place in the bottom of a pan to resemble hills and mountains. Tape into place using masking or duct tape. The area between the hills will represent valleys.
 * 2) Smooth out the wrinkles of a white plastic trash bag. This will represent the Earth's surface.
 * 3) Place an end of your pan on books to elevate.
 * 4) Cover the surface of the pan with the plastic, molding it around the hills you created. Excess plastic should hang off of all edges.
 * 5) Make a map of your landscape you created.
 * 6) Fill a spray bottle with water and food coloring. Lightly spray over your surface. Look for the following to occur: water that flows in a line (representing rivers or streams), water that pools in an area (representing ponds or lakes), and areas where water seems to flow either one direction or another (representing a drainage divide.) Add these areas to your m ap. Where a drainage divide occurs, draw arrows on your map to show the movement of water and which direction it flows.
 * 7) Wipe the water off of your model and switch your watershed model with someone else. Predict where the water will go on their model first and then test it out. **Question 1: What did you notice about the movement and pooling of water? In all of the Higher elevations the water would run right off and form a pool of water. **
 * 8) **Question 2: The following drainage patterns can exist in PA: dendritic, trellis, radial, and rectangular. Where in the state do they occur and why? (do a search for drainage patterns to understand what these terms mean)**
 * Rectangular- ** Is found in regions that has undergone faulting. the streams make shape bends and enter the main stream at high angles.

Topographic map

 * 1) Use the topographic map to determine the drainage basin for Cloe Lake. Follow your teacher's instructions. **Question 1: why would it be important to know the drainage basin of a certain creek, stream, or river? Question 2: What are some of the buildings and living** **spaces found in and around the watershed?**

Google Earth and our watershed
> Population- The population is greater in the north and northwest of the watershed. > Landforms- Appalachian Mountains, Ohio River, Allegheny River, Monongahela River > The Person per square km has became larger since 1990 to 2000 ** We think we would stick to state boundaries to determine who owns the water because if we would go with drainage divides there would be more problems with who owns the water and their would be more outbreak s on fights over the water.
 * 1) **Question 1: Start at the largest river in your watershed. Fly backwards to the smaller streams and tributaries. What do you notice about the following as you move from the biggest river to the smallest: elevation, population, landforms?**
 * 2) 1. Elevation- there is a mountain range in the eastern part of the watershed. So the water would flow down the mountain range into the Ohio river.
 * 1) **Question 2: How has our area changed between 1990 and 2009? Support your answer with screenshots from your computer. (use apple/shift/4)
 * 1) **Question 3: Would it be better to use drainage divides instead of state boundaries to determine who owns water? Why or why not?**



Find water pollution near you []

Litter and debris in water ways Trash island

Why is this a problem? How is human health, aquatic organisms, and other organisms affected?

Do we ever have any water shortages in our state or region? If so, what are some conservation steps that we can take in order to stretch the water supply? How would our habits change if we lived in an area where water shortages were commonplace?
 * Homework:**



=Normal Climate= South Central Mountains

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Yes because it tells you the precipitation, temperature, the average of each and the 1st year moving average.
 * Answer these questions:**
 * 1.** Do the two five-year graphs provide enough information for you to discover the "normal" temperature and precipitation levels for your region each December? Describe your reasoning.

How much it changes over the year and over the five years.
 * 2.** What other information could you use to characterize the climate?

It varies by how much the temperature changes over those years and by if there were droughts in those five years as well.
 * 3.** Choose another 5 year period from any other set of years. How do the temperature and rainfall vary between this time period versus the first one that you looked at?

= Project Oh Buoy =





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3. Will this year be an el nino year or a la nina year? Find the average temperature for the areas you looked at and then determine whether the temps at your buoys are above or below the normal. I think that is El nino because it is above the average temperature in each of the graphs. 4. What weather predictions can you then make for this year? we also think that this winter is going to be a warmer winter.

= Our 10 questions = 1. How is Global warming going to change the future? Global warming is going to change the future by changing atmospheric temperature and will have corresponding changes in the climate which will result in the green house effect. 2. What all does Global Warming effect? if effects the average temperature of the earths temperature, the climate, all species, and everyday living. 3.what happens to the animals? Some species are actually laying eggs earlier than usual. The animals are not in hibernation as long as usual.

7. When do we think Global Warming started? Started back as far as 1850 8. how long before we start to see bigger changes? In about a billion more years. 9. If we start to see larger changes what do we do?

10. Will if change industries, farming, or everyday jobs?

= Activity 4 = = = Using this site: [] Work in teams to identify the 12 pollutants listed. In your group, you need to cover all 12 pollutants. Take notes on each of these points and put the information on your team page. Asbestos Radon Pesticides
 * Activity 4 ** : What causes indoor air pollution?

Asbestos- the inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious illnesses, like malignant lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Radon is a radioactive colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, occurring naturally as the decay product of radium. Pesticides are used to kill pest.
 * 1) What causes these pollutants?

Asbestos- the inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious illnesses, like malignant lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. There are benefits to the use of pesticides but also drawbacks like potential toxicity to humans and other animals. It is one of the densest substance that remains a gas and is considered to be a health hazard due to its radioactivity it can cause lung cancer.
 * 1) What health effects are caused by these pollutants?

Get a radon machine that takes out all of the radon in our home. Don’t use pesticides at your home if you have pets and young children. Don’t work or go anywhere where there is manufacturing of Asbestos. = =
 * 1) What can be done to reduce the amount of these pollutants indoors?

Activity 4: what causes indoor air pollution? Dylan Behrendt Using this site: [] Kerosene

Maintenance, Personal care or Hobbies
1. What causes these pollutants?
 * Kerosene ** – Kerosene heaters
 * Pressed wood products ** – Also known as “Formaldehyde” which is a chemical used during the process of making pressed wood products**.**
 * Household cleaning ** – Household products such as paints, wood preservatives, aerosol sprays, cleaners and disinfectants, moth repellents, dry-cleaned clothing, fuels and automotive products, and air fresheners.
 * Maintenance, Personal care or Hobbies ** – paints, wood preservatives, hobby supplies, aerosol sprays, cleaners and disinfectants, moth repellents, dry-cleaned clothing, fuels and automotive products, and air fresheners

2. What health effects are caused by these pollutants? 3. What can be done to reduce the amount of these pollutants indoors? What are the sources of indoor air pollution? Allergens, bacteria, mold, radon, legonella, VOC's, Sewage contamination Where does particulate pollution come from? Particulate pollution comes from particulates. They can vary from dust to pets to what ever else is in your environment.
 * Kerosene ** – Throat, nose, and eye irritation, respiratory infections and bronchitis and also Lung cancer can occur.
 * Pressed wood products ** – Can cause watery eyes, a burning sensation in the eyes and throat, nausea, and difficulty in breathing.
 * Household cleaning ** – eye, nose, throat irritation, headaches, nausea, damage to your liver, kidneys, and central nervous system can all be effected by these pollutants.
 * Maintenance, Personal care or Hobbies ** – headaches, nausea, damage to the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, eyes, nose, and throat irritation can occur.
 * Kerosene ** – Keep doors open when using your unvented space heaters, make sure all your heaters are vented to outdoors.
 * Pressed wood products ** – If you use exterior grade pressed wood products, they contain phenol resins, and not Urea resins. Also use air conditioning and dehumidifiers that will maintain the temperature and will reduce the humidity levels in the air.
 * Household cleaning ** – Use household products according to the directions, make sure you get plenty of fresh air when using these products, keep out of reach of children, never mix household care products unless directed on the label, make sure you only buy what your going to use soon, don’t save it for a long time.
 * Maintenance, Personal care or Hobbies ** – Buy limited qualities, keep exposure to emissions from products containing methylene chloride to a minimum, follow label instructions carefully, throw away partially full containers of old or unneeded chemicals safely.

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