Harry

=Harry The Pig= =External Anatomy=
 * Lateral view**


 * Ventral view**

eye** Legs Female Pig (Harry) Umbilical cord male pig Part A __**Dorsal**__- upper surface of an organism __**Ventral**__- the lower surface of the body of an organism __**Anterior**__- located near the head __**Posterior**__- located near the rear __**Pectoral**__- located near or in the breast __**Pelvic**__- located near the pelvis __**Head**__- cranial __**Trunk**__- thoracic and abdominal __**Abdomen**__- the midsection of the body __**Medial**__- extending to the middle __**Caudal**__- at or near the tail __**Cranial**__- relating to the skull or cranium __**Umbilical Cord**__- helps the fetus obtain food and oxygen from the mother. __**Mammary Papillae**__- used to feed their young (Female) __**Proximal**__- midline of the body __**Distal**__- farthest from the middle and front of jaw __**Lateral**__- side __**Left**__- it is our right __**Right**__- it is our left
 * head**
 * [[image:harry_head.jpg]]
 * Glossary of pig dissection terms**
 * __Thorax__**- between the head and the abdomen

Part B __**Pinnae**__- simply the ears __**Eye**__- organ of vision or light sensitivity __**Nictitating Membrane**__- protective fold of skin in the eye (third eye) __**Eyelids**__- a movable fold of skin over the eye __**Urogenital opening**__- where waste and reproduction fluids are released (male) __**Urogenital Papillae**__- where waste and reproduction fluids are released (female) __**Anus**__- an opening in which solid waste is excreted __**Scrotal sacs**__- help maintain temperature of the testes __**Artery**__- carry blood away from the heart to the cells, tissues, and organs __**Vein**__- carry blood to the heart __**Ankle**__- connects the foot with the leg __**Knee**__- part of leg that supports a joint __**Wrist**__- connects the forearm to the pig’s foot __**Elbow**__- connects the two parts of the front legs together __**Toe**__- helps the pig walk

Question Answeres 7. The Artery takes blood from the heart and the veins carry blood to the heart.

8. Yes, all mammals have mammary glands

9. 14 are on our pig.

10. The forelimb of a pig has only a wrist while he have that plus an elbow. The hind leg of a pig has a knee and an ankle just like us. The pig, unlike us walks on all fours so its wrist helps its body movement.

=Mouth Anatomy=

Glands


 * Mouth anatomy vocab/terms**

__**Epiglottis**__- it prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea __**Glottis**__- the hole that leads to the trachea __**Gullet**__- the esophagus/throat __**Nasopharnyx**__- part of the pharynx, connects with the nasal passages __**Soft Palate**__- closes off the naval cavity during swallowing __**Hard Palate**__- hard portion of the palate __**Nare**__- the nostrils __**Tongue**__- organ attached to the floor of the mouth, it tastes and helps chewing and swallowing __**Taste buds**__- gives the pig a sense of taste __**Vestibule**__- cavity, chamber, or channel that leads to another cavity __**Uvula**__- tissue suspended above the soft palate

Questions
The gullet is the esophagus and the glottis is the opening of the gullet. The epiglottis prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea.

Both jaws of the pig have teeth and they should have all their teeth in about a month.

=Skinning pig=



=Muscles=


 * Muscle Type || Description || Function || Example ||
 * Cardiac Muscles || Near the heart || Help give the heart oxygen || Heart ||
 * Smooth muscles || found in the walls of the internal organs || contracts without conscious control || stomach ||
 * Striated muscle || Parallel fibers || Produces all the movements of body parts in relation to each other || skeletal and cardiac muscles ||

Glossary Joint- where bones meet Extensor-muscle that extends a body part or limb Flexor- bends a joint or limb in the body Origin- muscle that remains fixed during contraction Insertion- where skeletal muscle attaches to the bone to help it move Belly- stomach Tendon- fibrous tissue that connects a muscle with its bony attachment Fascia-connective tissue that envelops, separates, or binds muscles Antagonistic pairs- when one contracts the other extends Ex. Bicep and tricep Adductor- draws a body part inward Abductor- draws the body part away from the midline

Antagonistic muscles Shoulder control Hip Muscles (gastrucnemous is the abductor) Adductor Muscle

=Digestive System= = =
 * Muscle || Origin || Insertion || Function ||
 * Latissimus dorsi || lumbar/last thoracic vertebrae || tendon into the proximal end of the humerus on its medial || moves the forelimb dorsally and caudally ||
 * Trapezious || occipital bone of the skull and from the spinous processes of the first ten thoracic vertebrae || on the spine of the scapula || draws the scapula medially ||
 * Brachiocephalic || lambdoidal ridge of the occipital bone and from the mastoid process || distal end of the humerus || flexes foreleg ||
 * Rhomboideus thoracis || on the last few cervical and first sex thoracic vertebrae || vertebral border of the scapula || draws scapula forward ||
 * Deltoideus || spine of the scapula || deltoid ridge of the humerus || flexes the humerus ||
 * Cranial deep pectoral || from the sternum to the cranial end || into the aponeurosis at the dorsal end of the supraspinatus || adduction of forelimb ||
 * Sternocephalicus || from the cranial end of the sternum || long tendon into the mastoid process || flexes the head ||
 * Splenius || cervical ligament on the meddorsal line of the neck || on the dorsal portion of the occipital bone || raises the head ||
 * Pectoralis major || from the sternum || into the proximal end of the humerus || draws the forelimb toward the chest ||
 * Transversus || lumbodorsal fascia || into the linea alba || with the obliques ||
 * Gastrocnemius || distal end of the femur || by the achelles tendon th the calcaneus || extends the foot ||
 * Soleus || proximal end of the fibula || with the gastrocnemius || with the gastrocnemius ||

upper digestive system





Lower Digestive system


 * Structure || Description || Function ||
 * Liver || large, brownish lobed lying in the cranial end of the abdominal cavity just caudal the diaphragm || used for detoxicfication and produces acids necessary for digestion ||
 * Gall Bladder || greenish appearence || storage sac for the bile secreted by the liver ||
 * Esophagus || muscular membranous tube || used for the passage of food ||
 * Pancreas || long, irregular shaped gland in the vertebrates || secretes pancreatic juices into duodenum and insulin, glucagon,and somatostatin into bloodstream ||
 * Caecum || first part of the large intestine || absorbs water and salts from foods before they enter the large intestine ||
 * mesentery || several folds || connect the intestines to the dorsal abdominal wall ||
 * Small Intestine || narrow, winding, upper part of the intestines || completes the digestion of food and the nutrients are absorbed by the blood ||
 * Colon || section of the large intestines that extend from the ceacum to the rectum || holds waste until excretion ||
 * Anus || opening at the lower of alimentary canal || gets rid of solid waste ||
 * Spleen || large, highly vascular lymphoid || stores blood ||

Questions
 * Structure || Description || Function ||
 * mucosa || moist tissue || lines mouth, stomach, intestines ||
 * villi || finger like projections in the lining of the small intestines || absorbs the nutrients in the small intestines ||
 * lumen || open space in a tubular organ || allows stuff to enter ||
 * rugae || fold, crease, or wrinkle || lines the stomach ||
 * meconium || dark green fecal material ||  ||
 * 1) 5- There are five lobes in the liver. The right lateral, right central, left central, left lateral, and the caudal lobe.
 * 2) 6- The gall bladder is embedded in the liver. The gall bladder stores bile from the liver.
 * 3) 7- The first part of the small intestine is the duodenum, the second is the jejunum, and third is the ileum.
 * 4) 8- In humans the colon is shorter and is not coiled.

=Respitory system=

Questions
 * Structure || Description || Function ||
 * Trachea || thin walled, cartilaginous tubed || carries air to the lungs ||
 * Bronchial Tubes || tubelike structures || connect trachea to the lungs ||
 * Lobes of Lungs || pinkish color and they are firm || hold the alveoli ||
 * Alveoli || tiny, thin walled, capillary rich sac || exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide ||
 * Larynx || walls of cartilage and muscle || gives voice ||


 * 1) 4- There is 4 lobes in the right lung. They are the apical, cardiac, intermediate, and the diaphragmatic lobes. Also there is 3 lobes in the left lung which are the cranial, cardiac, diaphragmatic in the left lung.

=Circulatory= heart dorsal
 * 1) 5- We saw 2 vocal cords inside the larynx.

heart ventral

intersection



Questions 6. The left ventricle has the greatest mass. 7. It is connected to the right ventricle. 8. The Aorta is connected to the left ventricle. 9. The Aorta is the biggest artery 10. The artery takes blood away from the heart and the veins take it to the heart.



External jugular drains head and neck Internal jugular drains the brain and spinal cord ||
 * Vessel || Target Area ||
 * Carotid || head ||
 * Subclavian || forelimb ||
 * Brachiocephalic/Innominate || forelimb and the head ||
 * Thoracic || superficial and deep thoracic muscles ||
 * Mesenteric || small and large intestines ||
 * Renal || kidneys ||
 * Genital || male and female glands ||
 * Iliac || pelvis ||
 * Femoral || hind leg ||
 * Pulmonary || takes blood to the lungs ||
 * Coronary || heart muscle ||
 * Jugular || veins that lie on the side of the neck
 * Umbilical || from fetus to mother ||
 * Hepatic || liver ||

=Urogenital system= female urogenital system glossary


 * Term || Function ||
 * Kidney || filters blood that contains waste ||
 * Urinary Bladder || holds the urine ||
 * Ureter || narrow tube that conveys urine from the kidneys to the bladder ||
 * Urethra || which through urine is excreted ||
 * Ovary || in females,produces ova, estrogen, and progesterone ||
 * Oviduct || tube through the ova pass to go to the uterus ||
 * Uterus || nourishes the fertilized egg ||
 * Uterine Horn || where uterus and uterus tubes meet ||
 * Cervix || narrow outer end of the uterus ||
 * Birth canal || what the fetus goes through ||
 * Testis || male reproductive organ ||
 * Vas Deferens || carries the semen ||
 * Epididymis || holds the sperm ||
 * Seminal Vesicles || secret seminal fluid that protects sperm through the urethra ||
 * Prostrate || produces milky white substance that is a lubricant for acid nuetralzation ||
 * Scrotum || contains the testis ||
 * Cortex || outer layer of an internal organ ||
 * Medulla || inner core of certain organs such as the marrow of bone ||

Questions 6.They are studied together because they consist of many of the same parts. 7.The main purpose of the excretory system is to remove waste. 8. The main purpose of the reproductive system is to keep a species from dying off. 9. 10. 11. 12.Urogenital 13.Urogenital system 14.The adrenal gland impacts development in growth and helps regulate the kidneys function